Individual drugs
Drug interactions
Binding kinetics
Drugs
Mode
Competitive
Allosteric
Irreversible
Mode
Individual drugs
Competition binding
System parameters
E
basal
/ δ (constitutive activity %)
n (transducer slope)
R (receptor reserve, log scale)
Drugs
+
Stimulus response
Stimulus response
−
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Receptor occupancy
Receptor occupancy
−
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Summary
Drug
logK
i
ε
EC
50
E
max
Equations
Black & Leff (1983); extended for inverse agonism
R is adjustable for illustrative purposes only. Keep log R = 0 for quantitative use.
System parameters
n (transducer slope)
R (receptor reserve, log scale)
Drug A (agonist)
Name
log K
i
(M)
ε
A
(intrinsic efficacy, %)
Drug B (modulator)
log K
i
(M)
ε
B
(intrinsic efficacy, %)
0% = neutral antagonist
ε
B
(allo-agonism, %)
α (binding cooperativity)
Log scale · 0.001–1000
β (efficacy cooperativity)
τ
AB
= β·τ
A
q = [B]/(K
i
+[B]) — E
max
depression
[B] concentration series
Lowest log[B] (M)
Log increment
Number of [B] curves
−
3
+
Stimulus response
Stimulus response
−
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Receptor occupancy (Drug A)
Receptor occupancy (Drug A)
−
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Summary
Curve
EC
50
E
max
DR
Schild plot
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Equations
R is adjustable for illustrative purposes only. Keep log R = 0 for quantitative use.
Graph parameters
Curve shape
Sigmoidal
Bell-shaped
Parabolic
Linear
Invert
Graph title
X-axis label
X-axis range
Min
Max
Y-axis label
Y-axis range
Min
Max
Axis numbering
Grid
Curve parameters
Maximum
Minimum
Slope
Position
Expected results
Potency
Maximum
Minimum
Additional curves
−
0
+
Export PNG
System parameters
Association x-axis range (min)
Min
Max
Dissociation x-axis range (min)
Min
Max
Radioligand (L
*
)
log k
on,L
(M
−1
min
−1
)
log k
off,L
(min
−1
)
K
D
10 nM
log [L
*
] (M)
10 nM
Competitor (B)
log k
on,B
(M
−1
min
−1
)
log k
off,B
(min
−1
)
K
B
10 nM
log [B] (M)
10 nM
Association
Export PNG
Dissociation
Export PNG
Competition binding kinetics
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Summary
Equations
Individual drugs
Drug interactions
Binding kinetics
Hypothetical data generator
Colorblind mode
Hypothetical data generator
Bugs, feedback, or suggestions?
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About
PharmExplorer.v1 2026
Created by Shawn Flynn
Code generated using Claude Sonnet 4.6